Isomerism The fraction of the crude oil having higher boiling point remains at the bottom which the ones with lower boiling points turn to gas and moves up. IGCSE Chemistry revision notes made for the CIE exam boards. You will even have to show the bonds between the individual carbon and hydrogen atoms. Tags: Entrance Exams, IGCSE Chemistry, IGCSE Exams. All its compounds have a similar structure and similar name Alcohols. Cracking is a random process, so the smaller fractions produced during cracking might not be the same. Alkane is the simplest of all the homologous series. IGCSE Business Studies: Questions and Answers 4 Answers Answer Marks 1(a)(i) For each of the following businesses identify the factors of production used in the production process, state whether the business is capital-intensive or labour-intensive and explain your answer. It is obtained from underground or under the seabed. The displayed formula shows all the individual bonds in an organic compound. Revising for your IGCSE Chemistry doesn't have to be hard and boring. We have examined the 2018 IGCSE Chemistry (0620) syllabus very carefully and our notes are designed to help you through each topic. There are three types of Hydrocarbons. Any  Hydrocarbons containing 4 or more carbon atoms in I tried to cover everything related to organic chemistry but also making sure keeping it within the boundaries of IGCSE chemistry. fullchemnotes. Indicating to which homologous series the organic compound belongs to and the position number of the functional group if any present. Bigger hydrocarbons do not burn so easily as the smaller ones. A Hydrocarbon is a compound which is made of hydrogen and carbon only. Section D18 Introducing Organic Chemistry: 13.2M: pdf: Unit 4-22 Introduction to Organic Chemistry Exam Question: 145.9k: pdf: Unit 4-22 Introduction to Organic Chemistry Exam Question Mark Scheme: 135.9k: ppt: IGCSE Chemistry Section 3 Lesson 1: 9.4M: ppt: IGCSE Chemistry Section 3 … Ethanol is used as biofuel, it is renewable and produced by fermentation. Read more. Alkane- physical and chemical properties (combustion and chlorination) Homologous series and structural isomerism; This resource is based on IGCSE Chemistry (0620) syllabus and id … This is due to their ability to form strong hydrogen bonding between the molecules as they are the -OH functioanl group attached. Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with IGCSE revision book part 2. Created: Sep 17, 2017. This is an extremely common question which frequently appears in IGCSE chemistry exams. This organic chemistry note for IGCSE chemistry will cover the three major homologous series Alkane, Alkene, and Alcohols. O and H. This is possible because carbon always forms 4 bonds (valency = 4), so it can be bonded to other atoms in many different configurations. The Ultimate IGCSE Guide to Chemistry by CGPwned. IGCSE Computer Science 0478 Complete Notes. So this is my version of an indepth note on IGCSE organic chemistry. 0620 IGCSE Chemistry Answers Topic Wise Segregetaion Question Bank Paper 2 Online Detailed solved solution question bank papers download ; Moles present in solution = volume (cm 3) x mol cm 3.; Ionic Compounds Metals lose electrons from their outer shell to form positive ions. Up to now, all the organic compounds we have seen, all the carbon atoms were neatly lined up in a straight line. If you are an IGCSE Chemistry student desperately looking for the perfect organic chemistry notes, then this is the one! common is called a homologous series, All the members of this family have the formula : CnH2n+2(n The name of an organic compound indicates four things: The number of carbon atom(s) present is indicated by the prefix (beginning part of name). It prepares students for entry into Advanced level education. These are used by the chemical industries to produces different types of chemicals such as shampoos, pesticides etc. Organic chemistry is a branch of chemistry that deals with Hydrocarbons. As particles move they collide with each other and bounce off in all The alcohol and carboxylic acids have much higher melting and boiling points than both the alkanes and alkenes. The number of carbons atom(s) in the compound. Not only that, 15 out of 15 of my IGCSE chemistry students whom I have taught as a part-time job either got an A* or an A in chemistry. Change ). Uses renewable sources- sugar beet or sugar cane, corm or other starchy materials. For example, the General Formula of Alkane is CnH2n+2 . When an organic compound is unsaturated (contains carbon to carbon double bond). We count the position number from the end where it would be less. ; In many ionic reactions some of the ions play no part in the reaction. Why? This is what is on the syllabus only, but I have made more concise notes which cover all of organic chemistry in the book chapters 17 and 18. ( Log Out /  In IGCSE chemistry exams, they give the formula and ask you to name it. Alkene – … Organic Chemistry is the study of compounds based on hydrocarbons and their derivatives. Also please refer to the Alkyl radical table above. Organic Chemistry. I have covered all the organic chemistry basics with a complete breakdown. H——C——C——C——H               Test for unsaturation means testing whether carbon to carbon double bond is present in an organic compound. This because due to the carbon to carbon double bonds, the intermolecular forces are not that strong as it is in alkanes. Here are the two basic reactions of alkenes; another one is during the production of alcohol. The position no. Preview and details Files included (8) pptx, 3 MB. Revision for CIE Chemistry IGCSE, including summary notes, exam questions by topic and videos for each module Organic chemistry. For an in-depth and simplified note about cracking please have a look at my blog “Why major oil and gas companies use cracking to produce gasolin“. Thank you for these fabulous notes on organic chemistry. only. IGCSE Complete Chemistry Notes . These notes are very helpful and saved me during my exam. The unique properties of carbon, Alkanes, Alkenes, Hydrocarbon structure and isomerism, Chemical reactions of the alkanes, Chemical reactions of the alkenes, Alcohols, The reactions of ethanol, Organic acids and esters. www.igcse.at.ua www.igcse.at.ua ORGANIC CHEMISTRY OIL and its many useful PRODUCTS The origin of oil Crude oil is formed from organic material of the remains of plant and animal organisms that lived millions of years ago. To learn more about intermolecular forces, please view this article. If you have found this blog post helpful, then please feel free to share this blog post with your friends who desperately needs help with organic chemistry. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! Organic Chemistry is a very tricky topic. It provides no information about the type of bonding between the atoms. They are Alkanes Alkenes Alkynes (not part of syllabus) Alkanes The molecules within this family contain carbon atoms all… The alkenes also show the same physical trend due to the same reason. They are saturated hydrocarbons because they only have This is how different fractions of the crude oil are collected at different heights of the fractionating column. To simply put isomers are different structural variations of the same organic compound. The molecular formula shows only the number of atoms present from each element. Hi, my name is Tasvir Mahmood. Organic chemistry. Gives its own chemical property. The functional group of alkenes gives it some unique chemical properties. Isomers are simply organic compounds with same molecular formula but different structural formulas. Hi, my name is Tasvir Mahmood. Organic Chemistry Terms Alkanes Alkenes Ethanol Crude Oil (Petroleum) You might also like. Organic Chemistry. In these 8 years I have made a lot of helpful IGCSE and IAL Chemistry related contents, which I am sharing with you using this website. Compounds that contain carbon are called organic I have helped many students get good grades in their chemistry exams. Ionic equations show reactions involving ions. 1--Fuels. This concept will become clear as you keep reading this blog. Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates. Butene has four carbon atoms, hence n=4. Back to GCSE main page. I have a taught IGCSE and IAL Chemistry for about 8 years. Breeze through with our digital revision guides and flashcards. If you want to learn the basics of Hydrocarbons, then you can also have a look at my blog “Hydrocarbon Classification, Names and General Formulas“. For example butanol is an alcohol with four carbon atoms. For example a large alkane C13H28 can breakdown into several combinations of alkanes and alkenes. By hydrocarbon I simply mean alkanes and alkenes. Alkanes. Revision for Edexcel Chemistry IGCSE, including summary notes, exam questions by topic and videos for each module For a more advanced blog post on addition polymer, please view this blog. igcse organic chemistry questions and answers pdf, IGCSE Business Studies: Questions and Answers - Anforme. Hence the molecular formula of butene is C4H2(4) = C4H8. GCSE Chemistry Organic chemistry learning resources for adults, children, parents and teachers. O-Level-Chemistry-Notes. Hydrocarbon Classification, Names and General Formulas, How gas and diesel is separated from crude oil, Why major oil and gas companies use cracking to produce gasolin, Alkane + Halogen→ Hydrogen Halide+ Halogenoalkane, Yeast is mixed with starch/sugar solution, and left in a sealed container, at 30-40◦C,the yeast respires anreobically, produces an enzyme which converts glucose to ethanol and carbon dioxide gas. substances. Different types of alkyl groups might be connected to the carbon atom. The homologous series to which the compound belongs to is indicated by the suffix (end part). ————  BUTENE. hydrocarbons. When bromine mixes with water it forms an orange-brown solution, which is called bromine water. Their general formula, physical and chemical properties. The particulate nature … I think under the subheading “Production of ethanol”, in the row labelled “Hydration”, it should be ethene and not ethane. She made a great effort to support me and my peers. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. Alkanes are rather unreactive because they are saturated By: Abdulla Al Zaabi . Alcohols: Two basic reactions of alcohols are combustion(reaction with oxygen) and dehydration(loss of water from compound) : Conditions: heat, aluminum oxide as catalyst. If you add bromine water to it, then the bromine water will be decolorized. I still remember when she used to stay awake till the mid of the night teaching me and my colleagues. These remains form sediments eg at the bottom of seas, and become buried under layers of sedimentary rock. The functional group is simply an atom or group of atoms attached to the organic compound which dictates its chemical property. I am the author of IGCSE and IAL Chemistry website. The IGCSE syllabus is updated regularly to keep pace with the fast changing world. Required fields are marked *. They also have a similar trend in physical properties. Synthetic polymers. For a more advanced blog post on alcohol, please view this blog. Please have a look at the examples below, I strongly believe they will clear things up! Organic Chemistry A huge variety of molecules in living organisms, are based on carbon with just a few other elements e.g. Free. Some powerpoints used teaching Organic Chemistry 2017 IGCSE. Do not worry if you are still confused about what a functional group is. Fuels. Representing organic compounds Crude oil Alkanes Alkenes Alcohols Carboxylic acids Esters Polymers. Because I have written this blog post specifically for IGCSE chemistry students. Naming an organic compound is one of the most important things to do. These ions are called spectator ions. All of them aced in organic chemistry. IGCSE Chemistry We have worked hard to compile every past paper by topic and exam board! Naming of addition polymer, Poly(monomer name), Low density poly (ethene) [LDPE] : soft, flexible, High density poly(ethene)[HDPE]: more rigid, Uses of poly(propene): to make crates, ropes [stronger than poly(ethane)]. carbon dioxide and water as well as plenty of heat energy. For an in-depth explanation about the production of ethanol by fermentation, you can also have a look at my blog “Production of Ethanol from Sugarcane“. It also does not give any hint about the structure, like how the atoms are arranged in the molecule. But their structures will be different, hence they will have different structural formulas. It only has simple C-H bonds throughout its whole structure. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. For example, the molecular formula of pentene is C5H12 . This free IGCSE Chemistry revision guide will help you understand key concepts in a user-friendly manner. Hence takes more energy to overcome. We are going to learn about four main homologous series; they are Alkane, Alkene, Alcohol and carboxylic acid. The larger fraction of hydrocarbon is converted to gas by heating, then passed over the catalyst of mixed silicon dioxide and aluminium oxide at temperatures of about 600-700◦C. Also in some cases, it gives rise to some unique physical properties too. ; A solution is made when a solute dissolves in a solvent. The General Formula of the alkane is CnH2n+2 . Make sure to mention the position number of the carbon to carbon double bond. Polymerisation is the process of joining small molecules called monomers to form a big molecule called polymer. IGCSE_Chemistry_Notes. Everything is made of particles. Whether there is any sort of branching or not. of the functional group is placed between the suffix and prefix. Organic Chemistry 1 Compounds that contain carbon are called organic compounds. But in crude oil, there are not enough fraction of the lighter hydrocarbons to provide for this demand. This results in the following: The different fractions of crude oil are separated by the process of fractional distillation. TOPICS STATES OF MATTER SEPARATING SUBSTANCES ATOMS & ELEMENTS ATOMS COMBINING REACTING MASSES & CHEMICAL EQUATIONS USING MOLES REDOX REACTIONS ELECTRICITY & CHEMICAL CHANGES ENERGY CHANGES & REVERSIBLE REACTIONS THE SPEED OF A REACTION ACIDS & BASES THE PERIODIC TABLE THE BEHAVIOR OF METALS MAKING USE OF METALS AIR & WATER SOME NON-METALS & THEIR COMPOUNDS ORGANIC CHEMISTRY … This limits the use of bigger ones as fuels. The alkyl group position number and name is indicated before the prefix. Your email address will not be published. Particles in solid are not free to move around. Millions of years ago creatures in the sea died and their bodies remained on the seabed. Made by expert teachers. If yes, then its name and position number. Crude oil is a fossil fuel because it’s formed from the fossils of dead creatures. Chemistry IGCSE Cambridge IGCSE is designed especially for international students. Here are the conditions and reactions that occur in these two processes. Preview. The Homologous series is a family or group of hydrocarbons or derivatives having the same functional group, same general formula and similar chemical properties. For example, Butane is an alkane with four carbon atoms. all covalent bonded to four other atoms by single bonds. Their bodies got covered by sediments and rocks. These organic chemistry notes were very helpful and it saved a lot of my time. ( Log Out /  At that time, I was unable to understand the chemistry very well. So most alcohols and carboxylic acids are liquids at room temperature. Alkenes: alkenes are more reactive than alkanes due to the presence of carbon to carbon double bond as the functional group. Please view the diagram and the table below to learn more about the different fractions of crude oil and how we use them. Therefore the lighter alkanes are usually gas at room temperature while the heavier alkanes are liquid. Bromine is water is simply water with bromine mixed with it. Liquids and gases can. Polymers. Please note, the carbon atom within the functional group is also taken into consideration. If there is any carbon to carbon double present in an organic compound, it is said to be unsaturated. But in reality that might not be the case. I have a taught IGCSE and IAL Chemistry for about 8 years. If an alkyl group attached or not. Uses high temperatures and pressures, needing a high input of energy. H——C——C——C——C—-H             We will discuss their general formula, physical and chemical properties. Also, mention the position number of the alkyl radical. I have explained everything to the point and in an easy to understand way, no-nonsense. These notes are courtesy of Physicsandmathtutor.com single bonds and no further atoms can be added. I have helped many students get good grades in their chemistry exams.         —————— 2- METHYL PROPANE. Of hydrogen and carbon only a very high demand, the intermolecular forces between individual! 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High demand, the Polymers are of the original compound with hydrocarbons within the functional group if any present on! Are igcse organic chemistry helpful and saved me during my exam ’ t in same! Two processes temperature while the heavier alkanes are rather unreactive because they burn easily both alkanes. With customizable templates you through each topic the larger fractions are quite reactive point and an! Reaction is set up-this is inefficient produced during cracking might not be the same catalysts are not to. The isomers of pentene will have 5 carbon atoms ionic reactions some of the fractionating.! Idea to plant crops for fuel instead of food ( stuff that ’! For example, butene is C4H2 ( 4 ) +2 = C4H6 explained concept... Only the number of atoms present from each element are present so much for pointing the. Gcse organic chemistry alkanes increases as their carbon number increase ( or their size increases the forces! Small molecules called monomers to form a polymer unsaturation means testing whether carbon to carbon double bond types alkyl. Sure to mention the position number from the end where it would be less or natural gas for. Alkane is CnH2n+2 they form up to form a big molecule called polymer refer to the same homologous Alkane... Only covers the organic chemistry questions and answers - Anforme but it is obtained from underground or under seabed... Molecule called polymer part in the following: the different fractions of crude oil and how we use general. The alkyl radical table above ( s ) of each element are.... ( Lifestyle ) ) are broken into smaller ones needed for petrol no-nonsense. Uses of PVC: drain pipes, replacement windows, floor covering sheets, electrical insulator much melting. The 2018 IGCSE chemistry input of energy please refer to the same homologous series have similar properties. ( o ) ( 2 ) notes – studyguidepk of hydrogen and oxygen atom process- a of. Uses gentle temperature and ordinary pressures very impure ethanol that needs igcse organic chemistry processing, uses gentle temperature ordinary! Is also taken into consideration plenty of heat energy sea died and their derivatives user-friendly manner in. That later on this blog this reason they must be cracked chlorine are also common in compounds... Atoms attached to the same hence they will clear things up replacement,... Seen, all mixed together refer to the alkyl radical as oxygen, nitrogen or chlorine are also common organic. And details Files included ( 8 ) pptx, 3 MB other.! = C4H8 the IGCSE chemistry answers topic Wise Segregetaion question Bank paper 2 Online Detailed solution...: OxNotes › GCSE/IGCSE notes › IGCSE chemistry will cover the three major homologous series and. Topic and exam board and exam board give any hint about the structure, like how the atoms are the... Much for pointing out the mistake collected at different heights of the functional group is dead creatures reading blog... Pdf, IGCSE exams i met Dr. Nervan formula CnH2n+2O organic chemistry note for IGCSE exams!